A 19th-century pilgrim’s progress

Jaladhar Sen’s Bangla classic narrates the journey to Badrinath in Uttarakhand in the days before modern transport

GN Bureau | April 26, 2026


#Religion   #Travel   #Literature  
(Photo: Courtesy Anubha Khare via WikiMedia/CreativeCommons)
(Photo: Courtesy Anubha Khare via WikiMedia/CreativeCommons)

The Travels of a Sadhu in the Himalayas

By Jaladhar Sen (Translated by Somdatta Mandal)
Speaking Tiger Books, 259 pages, ₹499.00
 
Badrinath or Badrinarayan is one of the four sacred pilgrim spots, the Char Dham circuit, of Uttarakhand. While the journey to the adjacent Kedarnath remains very challenging, Badrinath can easily be reached by road now. For the driver, however, it is no less challenging. Once you leave the last major town on the way, Joshimath, the scene is breathtaking: whether you look at the sharp turns, falling rocks, or the deep valley beyond the edge of the road. 
 
In Kedarnath, the pilgrim can spot the flag of the temple from a distance, and know that the destination is within reach now. Badrinath is not visible till the last moment. A sharp turn at the end of the curving road and the whole town comes into view all of a sudden.
 
Unlike the Kedarnath temple, which has started attracting sizeable crowds only in recent years, Badrinath has always been a busy pilgrimage centre, given the easy access. Yet, it is difficult to imagine that barely a century ago pilgrims used to travel to these places mostly on foot all the way from Haridwar-Rishikesh. There were no Garhwal Motor Owners Union (GMOU) buses back then.
 
Jaladhar Sen, a Bengali gentleman settled in Dehradun who had dreamed of visiting ‘Badrikashram’, set out on May 6, 1890. He left behind a life of domesticity and embarked on this adventure across some of India’s most sacred landscapes, from Hrishikesh all the way to Badrinath. Armed with little more than a blanket, a staff, and a book of songs by the renowned Bengali poet and Baul singer Kangal Harinath, he journeyed through perilous mountain passes, snowbound valleys, remote pilgrim towns—seeking not the divine, but solace for a life fractured by loss. In the blank leaves of Kangal Harinath’s songbook, he made notes every day about the progress of the pilgrimage. He had read only a few days earlier John Bunyan’s classic ‘The Pilgrim’s Progress’, and found its spiritual themes echoing in his steps.
 
Sen’s deeply personal travelogue chronicles the breathtaking beauty of the Himalayas—the roaring Alakananda, the towering peaks of Nara and Narayan, the spiritual might of Shankaracharya’s Joshimath, the bustling markets of Srinagar, and the ethereal stillness of Badrinath—along with a vivid cast of characters—from stoic sadhus, cunning pandas and officious police personnel to ailing young boys, large-hearted villagers, and even fellow Bengali pilgrims. In the shadow of the Himalayas, Sen reflects on the complexities of faith, the hypocrisies of ascetic life, and the profound tenderness of human connection.
 
With a sadhu and a gentleman in company, he reached Joshimath on May 27. “We observed the marketplace as we walked and found it bustling with activity, offering everything from gold and silver craftsmen to moneylenders. The prevalence of these professions was due to Joshimath being the ‘headquarters’ of the mahanta or head priest of Badrinarayan, who resided here with his disciples.”
 
When the trio reached the end of the trek on May 29, Sen’s heart was filled with “joy, excitement and a measure of despair”. Not simply elated at the successful completion of the pilgrimage or the wonderful vistas in the backdrop of the temple, he wondered “where was the happiness that yogis and saints savour?” 
 
Sen’s diary was turned into a book in Bangla in 1900, titled simply ‘Himalay’. This curious mix of diary observations and literary flourish captured the imagination of a generation of Bengalis, inspiring them to travel to the mountains of Uttarakhand. Bengalis, along with Gujaratis, far outnumber others among the pilgrims and trekkers in the Garhwal Himalayas. Travel writing of this kind must have added to their expectations.  
 
The travelogue has now been translated into English by Somdatta Mandal, a former professor of English and chairperson at the department of English and other modern European languages, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan. This version reintroduces Sen’s compelling account to a new audience, highlighting its historical importance and enduring charm as one of the earliest modern Bengali narratives of the Himalayan experience.
 
If you have made the pilgrimage to Badrinath, Sen’s work will reveal a historical layer to your travel experience. If you have not, it will make you want to leave for the holy dham soon—before the ravages of time change it further.

Comments

 

Other News

Wisdom stories that don’t preach but encourage reflection

The Foundation Of A Fulfilling Life: Lessons from Indian Scriptures Deepam Chatterjee Aleph Books, 264 pages, Rs 899  

Citizens of the Bay: Why BIMSTEC matters now

The international order is drifting into a dangerous grey zone as the very powers that built today`s multilateral system begin to chip away at it. The United States has increasingly walked away from global rules and forums when they no longer suit its interests, while China has rushed to fill the vacuum on

PM salutes armed forces on one year of Operation Sindoor

Prime minister Narendra Modi on Thursday saluted the courage, precision and resolve of the armed forces on the completion of one year of Operation Sindoor.   The PM said that the armed forces had given a fitting response to those who dared to attack innocent Indians at Pahalgam.&

Supreme Court judge strength to go up by four to 37

The strength of the Supreme Court is set to go up from 33 judges to 37 judges, paving the way for a more efficient and speedier justice. The Union Cabinet on Tuesday approved the proposal for introducing The Supreme Court (Number of Judges) Amendment Bill, 2026 in Parliament to amend The Sup

BJP set to capture West Bengal

The political map of the country is set to be redrawn with the BJP set to win the West Bengal assembly elections, apart from Assam and the union territory of Puducherry. In Kerala, meanwhile, the Congress-led UDF is set to regain power. The filmstar Vijay-led TVK has emerged as the front-runner in Tamil Na

Beyond LPG: Is PNG ready for India’s next cooking fuel transition?

India, the second-largest importer and consumer of LPG after China, faces growing pressure due to supply constraints. Most of India`s LPG imports transit through the Strait of Hormuz, a focal point of global turmoil. Given that LPG forms the backbone of household kitchens and the restaurant industry, any s


Archives

Current Issue

Opinion

Facebook Twitter Google Plus Linkedin Subscribe Newsletter

Twitter